Catalytic Nitrene Transfer by an FeIV-Imido Complex Generated by a Comproportionation Process

Nitrene transfer reactions have emerged as one of the most powerful and versatile ways to insert an amine function to various kinds of hydrocarbon substrates. However, the mechanisms of nitrene generation have not been studied in depth albeit their formation is taken for granted in most cases without definitive evidence of their occurrence. In the present work, we compare the generation of tosylimido iron species and NTs transfer from Fe^II and Fe^III precursors where the metal is embedded in a tetracarbene macrocycle. Catalytic nitrene transfer to reference substrates (thioanisole, styrene, ethylbenzene and cyclohexane) revealed that the same active species was at play, irrespective of the ferrous versus ferric nature of the precursor. Through combination of spectroscopic (UV-visible, Mössbauer), ESI-MS and DFT studies, an Fe^IV tosylimido species was identified as the catalytically active species and was characterized spectroscopically and computationally. Whereas its formation from the Fe^II precursor was expected by a two-electron oxidative addition, its formation from an Fe^III precursor was unprecedented. Thanks to a combination of spectroscopic (UV-visible, EPR, Hyscore and Mössbauer), ESI-MS and DFT studies, we found that, when starting from the Fe^III precursor, an Fe^III tosyliodinane adduct was formed and decomposed into an Fe^V tosylimido species which generated the catalytically active Fe^IV tosylimide through a comproportionation process with the Fe^III precursor.     

A hyperbolic three-phase flow model

We introduce a hyperbolic entropy-consistent model to describe three-phase flows, which ensures that void fractions, mass fractions and pressures remain positive through single waves occurring in the one dimensional solution of the Riemann problem. To cite this article: J.-M. Hérard, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 342 (2006).     

Revisiting Gouy phase

The aim of this paper is to highlight the added value of the generalized Gouy phase shift introduced by Siegman. Although suited for optical systems study, including those more complex than free space, we note that it did not meet the use that it deserves so far. The analysis of the whole of the ideas and analytical approaches associated to the important concept of the Gouy phase proves its effectiveness.

Usually, the resonance condition is systematically built on the basis of the equivalent empty cavity. Unfortunately, this approach does not cover some of the useful parameters of the real resonator. By means of the generalized Gouy phase and the self-consistent complex parameter q, we derive here a new approach for the calculation of the resonance condition for the real cavity. Moreover, the use of the generalized Gouy phase clearly simplifies the study of resonators, while making it possible to avoid the use of the Huygens’ Fresnel integral.     

Stereoselective synthesis of trifluoromethyl-substituted 1,2-diamines by aza-Michael reaction with trans-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-nitropropene

Aza-Michael addition of optically pure 4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone to 3,3,3-trifluoro-1-nitropropene proceeds smoothly at low temperature with a high yield. Diastereoselectivity of the addition depends on the base used and lithiated species proved to be highly efficient affording 92% de. Optically pure 1,2-diamino-3,3,3-trifluoropropane is prepared in 58% yield from the aza-Michael addition product through a three-step procedure.     

Closure laws for a two-fluid two-pressure modelLois de fermeture pour un modèle à deux pressions d'écoulement diphasique

Closure laws for interfacial pressure and interfacial velocity are proposed within the frame work of two-pressure two-phase flow models. These enable us to ensure positivity of void fractions, mass fractions and internal energies when investigating field by field waves in the Riemann problem. To cite this article: F. Coquel et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 334 (2002) 927–932.     

Ethyl-4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate (ETFAA), a powerful building block for enantiopure chirons in trifluoromethyl-β-amino acid series

Herein are studied new transformations of ethyl-4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate (ETFAA), giving access to a series of enantiopure chirons bearing both a trifluoromethyl group and an amino moiety. The key intermediate is obtained optically pure by a resolution procedure.     

Transition-metal-templated synthesis of rotaxanes and catenanes: From small molecules to polymers

This article provides an overview of the fundamental principles of the synthesis of metallocatenanes and metallorotaxanes. It also describes the synthesis and properties of electronic conducting polymers—polypyrrole and polythiophene—built around metallocatenanes and metallorotaxanes. The particular properties of this new class of polymers, including the possibility of transmetallation reactions being performed with them and the observation of electronic coupling between the metal centers and the conducting matrix, are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 41: 3470–3477, 2003     

Infinitely renormalizable diffeomorphisms of the disk at the boundary of chaos

We show that, among area contracting embeddings of the 2-disk, infinitely renormalizable maps with a bounded geometry either have positive topological entropy or correspond to a cascade of period doubling.

     

Infrared Evidence for Hoffman Reaction During Calcination of Surfactant-Templated Silica Films and Analysis of the Resulting Surface Sites

Fourier Transform Infrared transmission spectroscopy is used to characterize surfactant-templated silica films on glass. The calcination process is followed in situ and evidence for the removal of the surfactant along the Hoffman reaction is given. Once calcined, the surface of the pores of the mesoporous films is proven by deuteration experiment to be hydroxylated. Bands are attributed to isolated and hydrogen-bonded silanols. Silylation reaction with hexamethyldisilazane only occurs with isolated silanol groups.